Hungary Blocks EU Sanctions Targeting Russia’s Nuclear Power Sector

Hungary has firmly positioned itself against including Russia’s nuclear energy sector in the European Union’s 17th sanctions package, as reiterated by Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto. Despite Ukraine’s persistent calls for tighter measures against Moscow, which include sanctioning the Russian nuclear industry and the state corporation Rosatom, Budapest intends to exercise its veto power to block any such actions. Szijjarto emphasized that sanctions affecting the nuclear sector would undermine Hungary’s energy security and are not in the country’s interests.

This declaration comes as the EU gears up for another round of restrictive measures against Russia, expected to be approved in the coming months. Ukraine argues that sanctions against Rosatom are essential for diminishing Moscow’s financial resources, highlighting that Europe’s continued reliance on Russian nuclear energy provides a revenue stream for the Kremlin. However, Hungary’s longstanding opposition to extending sanctions into the energy sector raises significant questions about the EU’s cohesion on this critical issue.

The tensions between Kyiv and Budapest over sanctions are deeply rooted. Hungary’s economy is significantly reliant on Russian energy, and the country has consistently blocked EU initiatives pertaining to nuclear energy. Notably, Hungary is collaborating with Rosatom on the expansion of the Paks nuclear power plant, which supplies approximately half of the nation’s electricity. In 2023, Prime Minister Viktor Orbán warned against any restrictions in this area, labeling them an “attack on the sovereignty” of Hungary.

Amid this backdrop, other European nations are also exhibiting caution, given their nuclear capacities are partially dependent on Russian uranium supplies. As the pressure on the EU continues to mount, Hungary’s stance remains a focal point of contention. In early 2025, the EU extended sanctions against Russia until July, overcoming Hungary’s resistance only after reaching a compromise on energy security. Budapest agreed to lift its veto in exchange for assurances to maintain gas supplies through alternative routes following the cessation of transit through Ukraine. However, the introduction of a new sanctions package that could target the nuclear sector places Hungary once again at the heart of this ongoing conflict.

As discussions surrounding the new sanctions package intensify, the EU faces the challenge of balancing the need for a unified front against Russia with the diverse energy dependencies of its member states. Hungary’s unique position, heavily reliant on Russian energy, complicates the bloc’s ability to present a cohesive response to Moscow’s actions.

Experts warn that Hungary’s veto could lead to fractures within the EU, potentially emboldening other member states with similar energy dependencies to resist broader sanctions. This situation highlights the ongoing struggle within the EU to navigate its energy security while maintaining a strong stance against Russia.