Canada Reviews Purchase of 88 F-35 Fighters in Light of U.S. Policy Uncertainty

Canada has initiated a thorough examination of its plans to purchase 88 F-35 fighter jets from Lockheed Martin, largely influenced by the shifting dynamics of U.S. foreign policy under President Donald Trump. In a recent interview with CBC, Defense Minister Bill Blair revealed that the Canadian government is actively seeking alternatives to the American-made aircraft, given the current tensions in Canada-U.S. relations.

The review comes in light of Trump’s imposition of 25-percent tariffs on Canadian goods and his provocative economic rhetoric regarding Canada. While the F-35 was previously deemed the optimal choice for the Royal Canadian Air Force, Blair noted that the government is now considering options that would lessen reliance on American technology and supplies.

In June 2023, Canada approved a $88 billion deal for 35 F-35 jets, following years of deliberation. The first 16 aircraft are slated for delivery in 2026, and Canada has already made payments toward this acquisition. However, under Prime Minister Mark Carney’s directive, Blair has been tasked with exploring the feasibility of either producing the jets domestically or procuring them from European manufacturers. The decision will hinge on strategic and economic considerations, including the capacity for independent maintenance and modernization of the aircraft.

Evidence of Canada’s commitment to diversifying its military procurement is reflected in recent developments. In March 2025, Aviation Week reported that Ottawa is in discussions with European firms such as Saab, which offers the Gripen E, and Dassault Aviation, known for its Rafale fighter. These options are being considered as potential replacements for the F-35, despite their absence of the stealth capabilities that characterize the American model.

Experts caution that moving away from the F-35 could complicate Canada’s participation in the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), where interoperability with U.S. forces is crucial. However, the growing mistrust of Trump’s administration is compelling Canada to reassess its military purchases.

In a related development, Portugal announced on March 13 that it is also reviewing its plans to acquire the F-35, citing concerns over dependence on American software updates. Within Canada, there are increasing calls, according to the National Post, to redirect defense spending toward domestic production, which could bolster the national defense industry.